MIGRAIN: Narrative

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1) Give an example from film or television that uses Todorov's narrative structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium and new equilibrium. 

Equilibrium - New York is functioning normally before Loki opens the portal, the world is stable and unaware of the threat.

Disequilibrium - something invades through the portal, causing destruction and chaos. 

New Equilibrium - After iron man redirects the missile and the portal is closed, the attack ends. New York begins to return to normal


2) Complete the activity on page 1 of the Factsheet: find a clip on YouTube of the opening of a new TV drama series (season 1, episode 1). Embed the clip in your blog and write an analysis of the narrative markers that help establish setting, character and plot.

avengers opening scene

Setting - The opening of the scene presents wide shots of destroyed skyscrapers and panicked people which marks the setting as New York under attack, signalling chaos and urgency. 

Character - The clip uses mise en scene to establish the key characters and their roles by using costumes e.g

Plot - the plot is driven forward through action codes such as alien attacks, the team assembling, and the avengers fighting back. These actions act as markers that the narrative is at its climactic battle stage. The escalating danger larger creatures entering the portal, growing destruction. 


3) Provide three different examples from film or television of characters that fit Propp's hero character role.

Avengers - Would be the avengers which are seen as the protagonist 

Harry Potter - Goes on a quest seen in most of the flims

Alice in Borderline - characters are trying to leave the game to set free


4) Give an example of a binary opposition - Good verus Evil / Protagonist verus the Antagonist

5) What example is provided in the Factsheet for the way narratives can emphasise dominant ideologies and values? - In a crime drama, when the policeman captures the criminal, it emphasises the value of law and order. Or in a romantic comedy, when the girl wins the heart of the guy, it reinforces intimate relationships.

6) Why do enigma and action codes (Barthes) offer gratifications for audiences? - Enigma codes create curiosity and suspense by posing questions that the audience wants answered. Whereas Action codes show events and actions that move the story forward, providing excitement, tension, and engagement.


7) Write a one-sentence summary of the four different types of TV narrative:

  • Episodic narrative (the series) - Each ep tells a whole story throughout the series
  • Overarching narrative (the serial) - The story continues across multiple episodes, often with unresolved cliffhangers
  • Mixed narrative - Combines self-contained episodic stories with longer ongoing story arcs that develop across multiple episodes
  • Multi-strand overlapping narrative (soap narrative) - Multiple storylines which run in the same ep transitioning between them

8) How does the Factsheet suggest adverts use narrative? - Adverts use narrative by presenting a problem and immediately offering a solution, usually through the product being advertised. This creates a resolution and engages the audience quickly.


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